Performance Evaluation of IoT Devices in IoT-Blockchain Systems <Abstract> In recent years, there have been an increasing number of IoT applications, such as smart homes, smart cities, etc. These IoT applications face security and privacy protection challenges since they normally adopt a centralized structure (i.e., conventional client-server system). The blockchain technology has the potential to solve the IoT problems. Hence, integrating IoT and blockchain is attracting attention because of blockchainfs decentralized and reliable characteristics. However, the IoT applications typically deploy mainly battery-powered, low-resource IoT devices, so understanding the behavior of IoT devices is essential for facilitating IoT-Blockchain when using blockchain, which generally requires significant resources (e.g., computing for consensus). In this study, we built a private IoT-Blockchain system using Ethereum and evaluated the behavioral characteristics of two consensus algorithms, Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Authority (PoA), when executed on an IoT device. First, we evaluated the CPU, memory, disk, and power consumption of the Raspberry Pi4 used as the IoT device. The evaluation results show that the power consumption of PoW is double PoAfs. We also calculated the expected value of the mining time based on the mining time data obtained by running PoW on the Raspberry Pi4. |