An Evaluation of IoT Device Performance in Ethereum-based IoT System <Abstract> In recent years, there have been an increasing number of IoT applications, such as smart cities, which benefit human lives. The IoT applications face security and privacy protection challenges since they usually adopt a centralized structure (i.e., client-server architecture). The blockchain technology, with decentralized and trustworthy guarantee characteristics, has the potential to solve such IoT challenges. Hence, there are efforts to integrate IoT and blockchain into IoT-Blockchain systems, where the IoT devices are normally battery-powered and low-resource. Therefore, it is essential to understand the performance of IoT devices in cooperating with blockchain, which generally requires significant resources (e.g., computing for consensus). In this paper, we first build a private IoT-Blockchain system using the Ethereum framework and Raspberry Pi4 (RPi4) as IoT devices. We then evaluate the system with two consensus algorithms (i.e., Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Authority (PoA)), considering CPU, memory, disk, and power consumption of the IoT devices. The evaluation results show that the power consumption of PoW is double PoA's. Using the mining time data from running PoW on the RPi4, we calculated the expected mining time through curve fitting. |